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Comparison of Thyrotropin-Receptor Antibodies Measured by Four Commercially Available Methods with a Bioassay That Uses Fisher Rat Thyroid Cells (Technical Briefs)

eBook details

Title: Comparison of Thyrotropin-Receptor Antibodies Measured by Four Commercially Available Methods with a Bioassay That Uses Fisher Rat Thyroid Cells (Technical Briefs)
Author : Clinical Chemistry
Release Date : January 01, 2003
Genre: Chemistry,Books,Science & Nature,
Pages : * pages
Size : 204 KB

Description

Quantification of thyrotropin-receptor antibodies is important in the diagnosis and management of patients with Graves disease (1). Antibodies with stimulating activity (TSI) have traditionally been detected in bioassays that measure their effect on cloned rat thyroid cells (FRTL-5) or on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with recombinant human thyrotropin-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (2, 3). These assays can detect antibodies in up to 95% of untreated hyperthyroid Graves patients, but, with few exceptions (4), they require cell culture facilities and are labor intensive and time consuming. As an alternative to bioassays, several manufacturers have developed competitive immunoassays that measure the inhibition of the binding of labeled TSH by antibodies in patients' sera. These methods use porcine TSH receptors and claim clinical sensitivities of ~90%. They cannot, however, distinguish whether the autoantibodies have blocking or stimulating capabilities, which can be important in a subset of patients. The more recent LUMItest[R] TRAK (TRAK) human assay (BRAHMS AG) uses human recombinant TSH receptors and luminescence-labeled bovine TSH. The manufacturer's literature cites a clinical trial that achieved a diagnostic sensitivity of almost 99% with the research version of the DYNOtest[R] TRAK human assay (5).